--- title: He has cheated us; he owed us money which he could not pay, and now… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: He has cheated us; he owed us money which he could not pay, and now he is dead we shall not get a penny; so we mean to have our revenge, and let him lie like a dog outside the church door." Who acts: Nonsense, we, our. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Tra --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/196/63/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [The Travelling Companion, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/196/) / 63 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 1, sentence 63 He has cheated us; he owed us money which he could not pay, and now he is dead we shall not get a penny; so we mean to have our revenge, and let him lie like a dog outside the church door." **Who acts:** Nonsense, we, our · **What happens:** cheat, owe, not pay, be, not get, mean · **To what, where:** us, money, penny, revenge, Nonsense This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Travelling Companion, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nonsense, we, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:196:63 # text = He has cheated us; he owed us money which he could not pay, and now he is dead we shall not get a penny; so we mean to have our revenge, and let him lie like a dog outside the church door." 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 aux _ _ 3 cheated cheat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 4 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ; ; PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ _ 6 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 7 owed owe VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 conj _ _ 8 us we PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 7 iobj _ _ 9 money money NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obj _ _ 10 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 14 obj _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 12 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 14 aux _ _ 13 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 14 advmod _ _ 14 pay pay VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 9 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 17 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 20 advmod _ _ 18 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ _ 19 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 20 cop _ _ 20 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 7 parataxis _ _ 21 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 24 nsubj _ _ 22 shall shall AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 24 aux _ _ 23 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 24 advmod _ _ 24 get get VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 20 parataxis _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 26 penny penny NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 27 ; ; PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 28 so so ADV RB _ 30 advmod _ _ 29 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 mean mean VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 31 to to PART TO _ 32 mark _ _ 32 have have VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 xcomp _ _ 33 our our PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 34 nmod:poss _ _ 34 revenge revenge NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 37 let let VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 conj _ _ 38 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obj _ _ 39 lie lie VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 37 xcomp _ _ 40 like like ADP IN _ 42 case _ _ 41 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 42 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obl _ _ 43 outside outside ADP IN _ 46 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 46 det _ _ 45 church church NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 compound _ _ 46 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 47 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 48 " " PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **cheat** | present · perfect | Nonsense | us | | | | | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Source | | 2 | **owe** | past | Nonsense | money | us | | | | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent we=Goal money=Theme | | 3 | **not** **pay** | could | Nonsense | money | | | | | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent which=Asset | | 4 | **is** | present | Nonsense | | | | now | dead *property* | tree rules | | 5 | **not** **get** | shall | we | a penny | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer penny=Stimulus | | 6 | **mean** | present | we | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 7 | **have** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | our revenge | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent revenge=Patient | | 8 | **let** | infinitive | we *not said here* | Nonsense | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **lie** | infinitive | Nonsense *not said here* | | | | | like a dog outside the church door | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **revenge** | | our | | | | | | nom revenge «act transitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 62](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/196/62/) - next →: [sentence 64](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/196/64/) - ↑ back to [The Travelling Companion, part 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/196/)