---
title: "But it is so delightful to swim about on the water," said the duckl… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "But it is so delightful to swim about on the water," said the duckling, "and so refreshing to feel it close over your head, while you dive down to the bottom." Who acts: it, duckling, you. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, with its dependen
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 108

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"But it is so delightful to swim about on the water," said the duckling, "and so refreshing to feel it close over your head, while you dive down to the bottom."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, duckling, you · **What happens:** be, swim, say, refresh, feel, dive down · **To what, where:** water, egg, bottom · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (it, duckling, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:201:108
# text = "But it is so delightful to swim about on the water," said the duckling, "and so refreshing to feel it close over your head, while you dive down to the bottom."
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	delightful	delightful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	swim	swim	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	about	about	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
15	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	duckling	duckling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
19	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	refreshing	refresh	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	24	advmod	_	_
27	over	over	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	29	nmod:poss	_	_
29	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	33	mark	_	_
32	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	33	nsubj	_	_
33	dive	dive	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
34	down	down	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	to	to	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	bottom	bottom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | it |  |  |  |  | delightful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **swim** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | the water |  | about *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on water=Trajectory |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the duckling |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **refresh** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **feel** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  | egg |  |  |  | close *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 6 | **dive down** *in a quote* | present | you |  |  | the bottom |  | down *property* | vn meander-47.7 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to bottom=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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