---
title: He is too big," they all said, and the turkey cock, who had been bor… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: He is too big," they all said, and the turkey cock, who had been born into the world with spurs, and fancied himself really an emperor, puffed himself out like a vessel in full sail, and flew at the duckling, and became quite red in the head with passion, so that the poor little thing did not know w
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 56

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is too big," they all said, and the turkey cock, who had been born into the world with spurs, and fancied himself really an emperor, puffed himself out like a vessel in full sail, and flew at the duckling, and became quite red in the head with passion, so that the poor little thing did not know where to go, and was quite miserable because he was so ugly and laughed at by the whole farmyard.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** child, ducklings, poor little thing · **What happens:** be, say, bear, fancy, puff out, fly · **To what, where:** turkey cock, world, child, duckling, whole farmyard · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (child, ducklings, poor little thing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:201:56
# text = He is too big," they all said, and the turkey cock, who had been born into the world with spurs, and fancied himself really an emperor, puffed himself out like a vessel in full sail, and flew at the duckling, and became quite red in the head with passion, so that the poor little thing did not know where to go, and was quite miserable because he was so ugly and laughed at by the whole farmyard.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	too	too	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	turkey	turkey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	cock	cock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	born	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	conj	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	spurs	spur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	fancied	fancy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
28	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	27	obj	_	_
29	really	really	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
30	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	emperor	emperor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
33	puffed	puff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	conj	_	_
34	himself	himself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	33	obj	_	_
35	out	out	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	_
36	like	like	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	vessel	vessel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	_
39	in	in	ADP	IN	_	41	case	_	_
40	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	41	amod	_	_
41	sail	sail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
43	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	44	cc	_	_
44	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	parataxis	_	_
45	at	at	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
46	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	47	det	_	_
47	duckling	duckling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	50	punct	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	conj	_	_
51	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	52	advmod	_	_
52	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	xcomp	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
56	with	with	ADP	IN	_	57	case	_	_
57	passion	passion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
58	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	67	punct	_	_
59	so	so	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	67	mark	_	_
60	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	59	fixed	_	_
61	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	64	det	_	_
62	poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
63	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	64	amod	_	_
64	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	67	nsubj	_	_
65	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	67	aux	_	_
66	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	67	advmod	_	_
67	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	50	conj	_	_
68	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	70	advmod	_	_
69	to	to	PART	TO	_	70	mark	_	_
70	go	go	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	67	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
71	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	75	punct	_	_
72	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	75	cc	_	_
73	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	75	cop	_	_
74	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	75	advmod	_	_
75	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	44	conj	_	_
76	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	80	mark	_	_
77	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	80	nsubj	_	_
78	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	80	cop	_	_
79	so	so	ADV	RB	_	80	advmod	_	_
80	ugly	ugly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	75	advcl	_	_
81	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	82	cc	_	_
82	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	44	conj	_	_
83	at	at	ADP	IN	_	87	case	_	_
84	by	by	ADP	IN	_	87	case	_	_
85	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	87	det	_	_
86	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	87	amod	_	_
87	farmyard	farmyard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	82	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
88	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | child |  |  |  |  | big *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | ducklings *= duckling* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **bear** *in a quote* | past · perfect · passive |  | the turkey cock |  | the world |  | with spurs | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 4 | **fancy** *in a quote* | past | child *not said here* | child |  |  |  | a emperor *obl* | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus |
| 5 | **puff out** *in a quote* | past | child *not said here* | child |  |  |  | like a vessel in full sail | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location himself=Source |
| 6 | **fly** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  | the duckling |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at duckling=Location |
| 7 | **become** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  | red *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 8 | **not** **know** *in a quote* | past · do-support | the poor little thing |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S\_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 9 | **go** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **is** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  |  |  | miserable *property* | tree rules |
| 11 | **is** *in a quote* | past | child |  |  |  |  | ugly *property* | tree rules |
| 12 | **laugh** *in a quote* | past |  |  |  | the whole farmyard |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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