---
title: And so he lay quite still, while the shot rattled through the rushes… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: And so he lay quite still, while the shot rattled through the rushes, and gun after gun was fired over him. Who acts: tongue. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Ugly Duckling, sentence 82

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And so he lay quite still, while the shot rattled through the rushes, and gun after gun was fired over him.

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**Who acts:** tongue · **What happens:** lie, rattle, fire · **To what, where:** shot, rushes, gun

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Ugly Duckling. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:201:82
# text = And so he lay quite still, while the shot rattled through the rushes, and gun after gun was fired over him.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
2	so	so	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
11	rattled	rattle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	through	through	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	rushes	rush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	after	after	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
20	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	fired	fire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
22	over	over	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | tongue | the shot |  |  | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **rattle** | participle |  | the shot *not said here* |  | the rushes |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme through rush=Location |
| 3 | **fire** | past · passive |  | gun after gun |  |  |  | over tongue | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme over he=Destination |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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