---
title: His workshop was quite close to one of the old stone bridges, near t… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: His workshop was quite close to one of the old stone bridges, near to a water-mill, round which the roaring stream rushed and foamed always, yet restrained by the neighboring houses, whose old, decayed balconies hung over, and seemed ready to fall into the water. Who acts: workshop, roaring stream. 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2, sentence 69

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His workshop was quite close to one of the old stone bridges, near to a water-mill, round which the roaring stream rushed and foamed always, yet restrained by the neighboring houses, whose old, decayed balconies hung over, and seemed ready to fall into the water.

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**Who acts:** workshop, roaring stream · **What happens:** be, roar, rush, foam, restrain, decay · **To what, where:** one, water mill, balconies, water

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (workshop, roaring stream), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:203:69
# text = His workshop was quite close to one of the old stone bridges, near to a water-mill, round which the roaring stream rushed and foamed always, yet restrained by the neighboring houses, whose old, decayed balconies hung over, and seemed ready to fall into the water.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	workshop	workshop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	bridges	bridge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
14	near	near	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
17	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	mill	mill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	round	round	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	_
22	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	26	obj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	25	amod	_	_
25	stream	stream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
26	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	foamed	foam	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	conj	_	_
29	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	28	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	yet	yet	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	restrained	restrain	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
33	by	by	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
34	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
35	neighboring	neighboring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	compound	_	_
36	houses	house	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
38	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
41	decayed	decay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	conj	_	_
42	balconies	balcony	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	41	obj	_	_
43	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	42	acl	_	_
44	over	over	ADV	RB	_	43	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	47	punct	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	seemed	seem	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	parataxis	_	_
48	ready	ready	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	47	xcomp	_	_
49	to	to	PART	TO	_	50	mark	_	_
50	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	48	xcomp	_	_
51	into	into	ADP	IN	_	53	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	50	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Knud's workshop |  | one of the old stone bridges |  |  | close *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **roar** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **rush** | past | the roaring stream | a water mill and round |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme which=Trajectory |
| 4 | **foam** | past | the roaring stream *not said here* |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn entity\_specific\_modes\_being-47.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **restrain** | participle | Knud's workshop *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the neighboring houses | vn discourage-64.5-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |
| 6 | **decay** | past | Knud's workshop *not said here* | balconies |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **hang over** | participle |  | balconies *not said here* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **seem** | past |  |  |  |  |  | ready *property* | vn seem-109-1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **fall** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | into the water *result* | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into water=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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