---
title: He understood now why the gingerbread man had a bitter almond in his… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: He understood now why the gingerbread man had a bitter almond in his left side; his was the feeling of bitterness, and Joanna, so mild and friendly, was represented by the honeycake maiden. Who acts: Kjoge, gingerbread man, honeycake maiden. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by 
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2, sentence 79

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He understood now why the gingerbread man had a bitter almond in his left side; his was the feeling of bitterness, and Joanna, so mild and friendly, was represented by the honeycake maiden.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Kjoge, gingerbread man, honeycake maiden · **What happens:** understand, have, be, represent · **To what, where:** bitter almond, left side, feeling, Joanna

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Under the Willow-tree, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kjoge, gingerbread man, honeycake maiden), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:203:79
# text = He understood now why the gingerbread man had a bitter almond in his left side; his was the feeling of bitterness, and Joanna, so mild and friendly, was represented by the honeycake maiden.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	understood	understand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
4	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	gingerbread	gingerbread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	bitter	bitter	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	almond	almond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
14	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	feeling	feeling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	bitterness	bitterness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
25	Joanna	Joanna	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	33	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
27	so	so	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	mild	mild	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	appos	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
32	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	33	aux:pass	_	_
33	represented	represent	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
34	by	by	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
36	honeycake	honeycake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	compound	_	_
37	maiden	maiden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **understand** | past | Kjoge |  |  |  | now |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **have** | past | the gingerbread man | a bitter almond |  | Kjoge's left side |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent almond=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | past | the gingerbread man *not said here* | Kjoge's feeling |  |  |  | of bitterness | tree rules |
| 4 | **represent** | past · passive | the honeycake maiden | Joanna |  |  |  |  | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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