---
title: Poor little Eliza was alone in her room playing with a green leaf, f… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Poor little Eliza was alone in her room playing with a green leaf, for she had no other playthings, and she pierced a hole through the leaf, and looked through it at the sun, and it was as if she saw her brothers' clear eyes, and when the warm sun shone on her cheeks, she thought of all the kisses t
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1, sentence 16

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Poor little Eliza was alone in her room playing with a green leaf, for she had no other playthings, and she pierced a hole through the leaf, and looked through it at the sun, and it was as if she saw her brothers' clear eyes, and when the warm sun shone on her cheeks, she thought of all the kisses they had given her.

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**Who acts:** Poor little Eliza, room, wood, hole, warm sun, birds · **What happens:** be, play, have, pierce, look, shine · **To what, where:** room, other playthings, hole, cheeks, wood

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Wild Swans, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Poor little Eliza, room, wood, hole), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:208:16
# text = Poor little Eliza was alone in her room playing with a green leaf, for she had no other playthings, and she pierced a hole through the leaf, and looked through it at the sun, and it was as if she saw her brothers' clear eyes, and when the warm sun shone on her cheeks, she thought of all the kisses they had given her.
1	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Eliza	Eliza	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	alone	alone	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	playing	play	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
15	for	for	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	parataxis	_	_
18	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
19	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	playthings	plaything	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
23	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
24	pierced	pierce	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	hole	hole	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
27	through	through	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	conj	_	_
33	through	through	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obl	_	_
35	at	at	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	45	punct	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
40	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj:outer	_	_
41	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	45	cop	_	_
42	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
43	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	45	mark	_	_
44	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	45	nsubj	_	_
45	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	parataxis	_	_
46	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	brothers	brother	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	'	's	PART	POS	_	47	case	_	_
49	clear	clear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	50	amod	_	_
50	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
51	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	57	cc	_	_
53	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	57	advmod	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	56	det	_	_
55	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	56	amod	_	_
56	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	nsubj	_	_
57	shone	shine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	45	conj	_	_
58	on	on	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
60	cheeks	cheek	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	63	punct	_	_
62	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	63	nsubj	_	_
63	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	57	advcl	_	_
64	of	of	ADP	IN	_	67	case	_	_
65	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	67	det:predet	_	_
66	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	67	det	_	_
67	kisses	kiss	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	63	obl	_	_
68	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	70	nsubj	_	_
69	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	70	aux	_	_
70	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	67	acl:relcl	_	_
71	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	70	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
72	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Poor little Eliza |  |  | wood's room |  | alone *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **play** | gerund | wood's room *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with a green leaf | vn play-114.2-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with leaf=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | past | wood | no other playthings |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plaything=Patient |
| 4 | **pierce** | past | wood | a hole |  |  |  | through the leaf | vn poke-19-1 «NP V NP PP.patient»: agent=Agent hole=Instrument through leaf=Patient |
| 5 | **look** | past | wood *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the sun; through room | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through it=Theme |
| 6 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | past | hole |  |  |  |  | see *property* | tree rules |
| 7 | **shine** | participle | the warm sun |  |  | wood's cheeks |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on cheek=Location |
| 8 | **think** *speech: other* | past | wood |  |  |  |  | of all kisses | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 9 | **give** | past · perfect | birds *= bird* | wood |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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