---
title: Years passed; then one day she met the old friend and sweetheart in… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Years passed; then one day she met the old friend and sweetheart in the street; he looked ill and miserable, and she could not help asking him, "How are you?" Who acts: Years, girl, God. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting, with its de
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting, sentence 42

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Years passed; then one day she met the old friend and sweetheart in the street; he looked ill and miserable, and she could not help asking him, "How are you?"

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**Who acts:** Years, girl, God · **What happens:** pass, meet, look, not help, ask, be · **To what, where:** old friend, street, God, you · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Years, girl, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:22:42
# text = Years passed; then one day she met the old friend and sweetheart in the street; he looked ill and miserable, and she could not help asking him, "How are you?"
1	Years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
4	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl:unmarked	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	met	meet	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	sweetheart	sweetheart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
18	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
20	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	xcomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	miserable	miserable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
26	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
27	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	28	advmod	_	_
28	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
29	asking	ask	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	28	xcomp	_	_
30	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
32	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	35	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	35	advmod	_	_
34	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
35	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | past | Years |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **meet** | past | girl | the old friend and sweetheart |  | the street | then; day |  | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **look** | past | God |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **not** **help** | could | girl |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 5 | **ask** *speech: ask* *not said to happen* | gerund | girl *not said here* |  | God |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent he=Recipient |
| 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | you |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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