---
title: Her old sweetheart is dead and has left a wife and three step-childr… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Her old sweetheart is dead and has left a wife and three step-children, as the paper says; it sounds as if there is a crack, but the metal is pure. Who acts: old sweetheart, paper, it, crack. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting, with i
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting, sentence 46

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her old sweetheart is dead and has left a wife and three step-children, as the paper says; it sounds as if there is a crack, but the metal is pure.

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**Who acts:** old sweetheart, paper, it, crack, metal · **What happens:** be, leave, say, sound · **To what, where:** wife · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Delaying Is Not Forgetting. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old sweetheart, paper, it, crack), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:22:46
# text = Her old sweetheart is dead and has left a wife and three step-children, as the paper says; it sounds as if there is a crack, but the metal is pure.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sweetheart	sweetheart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
12	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
13	step	step	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nsubj	_	_
20	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	23	punct	_	_
22	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	_
23	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	_
24	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	27	expl	_	_
27	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	crack	crack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
31	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
35	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | girl's old sweetheart |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | present · perfect | girl's old sweetheart *not said here* | a wife and three step children |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wife=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the paper |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **sound** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 5 | **be** | present | a crack |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **is** | present | the metal |  |  |  |  | pure *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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