--- title: They say that he was once an energetic young man, that he studied th… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: They say that he was once an energetic young man, that he studied the dead languages, and sang and even composed many songs; then something had happened to him, and in consequence of this he gave himself up to drink, body and mind. Who acts: windows, student, something. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [The Dumb Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/) / 8 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Dumb Book, sentence 8 They say that he was once an energetic young man, that he studied the dead languages, and sang and even composed many songs; then something had happened to him, and in consequence of this he gave himself up to drink, body and mind. **Who acts:** windows, student, something · **What happens:** say, be, study, sing, compose, happen · **To what, where:** energetic young man, dead languages, many songs, student, consequence, body · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Dumb Book. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (windows, student, something), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:29:8 # text = They say that he was once an energetic young man, that he studied the dead languages, and sang and even composed many songs; then something had happened to him, and in consequence of this he gave himself up to drink, body and mind. 1 They they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 say say VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 that that SCONJ IN _ 10 mark _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ _ 5 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 cop _ _ 6 once once ADV RB NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult 10 advmod _ _ 7 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 8 energetic energetic ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 9 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 amod _ _ 10 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 that that SCONJ IN _ 14 mark _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ _ 14 studied study VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 17 det _ _ 16 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 17 amod _ _ 17 languages language NOUN NNS Number=Plur 14 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 20 punct _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 sang sing VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 14 conj _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 22 even even ADV RB _ 23 advmod _ _ 23 composed compose VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 20 conj _ _ 24 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 25 amod _ _ 25 songs song NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 ; ; PUNCT : _ 30 punct _ _ 27 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 28 advmod _ _ 28 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 30 nsubj _ _ 29 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 aux _ _ 30 happened happen VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 2 parataxis _ _ 31 to to ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 32 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 40 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 40 cc _ _ 35 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 36 consequence consequence NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obl _ _ 37 of of ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 38 this this PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 36 nmod _ _ 39 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 gave give VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 30 conj _ _ 41 himself himself PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes 40 obj _ _ 42 up up ADP RP _ 40 compound:prt _ _ 43 to to PART TO _ 44 mark _ _ 44 drink drink VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 40 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 46 body body NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 obj _ _ 47 and and CCONJ CC _ 48 cc _ _ 48 mind mind NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | windows *= window* | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is a** | past | student | a energetic young man | | | | once *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **study** | past | student | the dead languages | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent language=Topic | | 4 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | student *not said here* | | | | | | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **compose** | past | student *not said here* | many songs | | | | | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent song=Result | | 6 | **happen** | past · perfect | something | | student | | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 7 | **give up** | past | student | student | | consequence of this | | | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent himself=Source | | 8 | **drink** | to-infinitive | student *not said here* | body and mind | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent body=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/7/) - next →: [sentence 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/9/) - ↑ back to [The Dumb Book](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/29/)