---
title: The window stood open the whole day, and the little elf could easily… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The window stood open the whole day, and the little elf could easily have reached the roses, or any of the flowers; but he could not find it in his heart to leave one so afflicted. Who acts: window, elf, one. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Elf of the Ro
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Elf of the Rose, sentence 45

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The window stood open the whole day, and the little elf could easily have reached the roses, or any of the flowers; but he could not find it in his heart to leave one so afflicted.

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**Who acts:** window, elf, one · **What happens:** stand, open, reach, not find, leave, afflict · **To what, where:** little elf, window, heart, one

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Elf of the Rose. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (window, elf, one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:30:45
# text = The window stood open the whole day, and the little elf could easily have reached the roses, or any of the flowers; but he could not find it in his heart to leave one so afflicted.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	window	window	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	open	open	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	elf	elf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	_
14	easily	easily	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux	_	_
16	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	roses	rose	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
20	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
21	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	24	det	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	30	punct	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
28	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
29	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	30	advmod	_	_
30	find	find	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
31	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	obj	_	_
32	in	in	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	obl	_	_
35	to	to	PART	TO	_	36	mark	_	_
36	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	advcl	_	_
37	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	36	obj	_	_
38	so	so	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	afflicted	afflict	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	36	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | past | the window |  |  |  |  | of any flowers | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **open** | infinitive | the window *not said here* |  |  |  | day |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **reach** | could · perfect · passive |  | the little elf |  |  |  | easily *property* | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary rose=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **find** | could | elf | window |  | elf's heart |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |
| 5 | **leave** | to-infinitive | elf *not said here* | one |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **afflict** | participle | one *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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