---
title: Heaven preserve us!" he thought, and opened his eyes wide, "I cannot… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Heaven preserve us!" he thought, and opened his eyes wide, "I cannot see anything at all," but he did not say so. Who acts: Heaven, I. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Emperor's New Suit, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Emperor's New Suit, sentence 20

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Heaven preserve us!" he thought, and opened his eyes wide, "I cannot see anything at all," but he did not say so.

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**Who acts:** Heaven, I · **What happens:** preserve, think, open, not see, not say · **To what, where:** us, eyes, anything, all · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Emperor's New Suit. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Heaven, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:32:20
# text = Heaven preserve us!" he thought, and opened his eyes wide, "I cannot see anything at all," but he did not say so.
1	Heaven	Heaven	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	preserve	preserve	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	thought	think	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	opened	open	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	ccomp	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	wide	wide	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	conj	_	_
20	anything	anything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	19	obj	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	_
25	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
26	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
27	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	29	aux	_	_
28	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	_
29	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
30	so	so	ADV	RB	_	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **preserve** | infinitive | Heaven | us |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **think** *speech: other* *in a quote* | past | Heaven |  |  |  |  |  | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **open** *in a quote* | past |  | Heaven's eyes |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location eye=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **see** | can | I | anything |  | all |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus |
| 5 | **not** **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past · do-support | Heaven |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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