---
title: The sun shone, and the soft air fluttered its leaves, and the little… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The sun shone, and the soft air fluttered its leaves, and the little peasant children passed by, prattling merrily, but the fir-tree heeded them not. Who acts: sun, soft air, fir tree. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree, with its dependency tree an
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Fir Tree, sentence 2

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sun shone, and the soft air fluttered its leaves, and the little peasant children passed by, prattling merrily, but the fir-tree heeded them not.

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**Who acts:** sun, soft air, fir tree · **What happens:** shine, flutter, pass by, prattle, not heed · **To what, where:** leaves, little peasant children, sun

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, soft air, fir tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:33:2
# text = The sun shone, and the soft air fluttered its leaves, and the little peasant children passed by, prattling merrily, but the fir-tree heeded them not.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	fluttered	flutter	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
10	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
15	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
16	peasant	peasant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	prattling	prattle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	advcl	_	_
22	merrily	merrily	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	29	cc	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
26	fir	fir	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	nsubj	_	_
29	heeded	heed	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
30	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	obj	_	_
31	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	29	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shine** | past | the sun |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **flutter** | past | the soft air | air's leaves |  |  |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location leaf=Theme |
| 3 | **pass by** | participle · passive |  | the little peasant children |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-3 «NP V NP»: subject=Trajectory |
| 4 | **prattle** *speech: other* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | merrily *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **not** **heed** | past | the fir tree | sun |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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