---
title: It knew that it should never again see its dear old companions, the… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: It knew that it should never again see its dear old companions, the trees, nor the little bushes and many-colored flowers that had grown by its side; perhaps not even the birds. Who acts: home, colored flowers. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree, w
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Fir Tree, sentence 53

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It knew that it should never again see its dear old companions, the trees, nor the little bushes and many-colored flowers that had grown by its side; perhaps not even the birds.

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**Who acts:** home, colored flowers · **What happens:** know, not see, color, grow · **To what, where:** little bushes, dear old companions · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Fir Tree. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (home, colored flowers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:33:53
# text = It knew that it should never again see its dear old companions, the trees, nor the little bushes and many-colored flowers that had grown by its side; perhaps not even the birds.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
4	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
5	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	again	again	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
10	dear	dear	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
11	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	20	cc	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
22	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	colored	color	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	25	amod	_	_
25	flowers	flower	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
26	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	28	nsubj	_	_
27	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	28	aux	_	_
28	grown	grow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	acl:relcl	_	_
29	by	by	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	31	nmod:poss	_	_
31	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	37	punct	_	_
33	perhaps	perhaps	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
34	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	37	advmod	_	_
35	even	even	ADV	RB	_	37	advmod	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | past | home | the little bushes and colored flowers |  |  |  | the birds *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **see** | should | home | home's dear old companions and the trees |  |  | again |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer companion=Stimulus |
| 3 | **color** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn coloring-24 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **grow** | past · perfect | colored flowers |  |  |  |  | by home's side | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by side=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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