---
title: We reached our old home; but the cottage was in ruins, and we had to… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: We reached our old home; but the cottage was in ruins, and we had to build a new one. Who acts: We, cottage. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shepherd's Story of the Bond of Friendship, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Shepherd's Story of the Bond of Friendship, sentence 87

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We reached our old home; but the cottage was in ruins, and we had to build a new one.

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**Who acts:** We, cottage · **What happens:** reach, be, have, build · **To what, where:** old home, ruins, new one

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Shepherd's Story of the Bond of Friendship. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (We, cottage), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:36:87
# text = We reached our old home; but the cottage was in ruins, and we had to build a new one.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
7	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cottage	cottage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	ruins	ruin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	build	build	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | We | our old home |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent home=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | the cottage |  |  | ruins |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **build** | to-infinitive | we *not said here* | a new one |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset one=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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