---
title: In the course of the winter the bird had in this way collected many… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: In the course of the winter the bird had in this way collected many crumbs and given them to other birds, till they equalled the weight of the loaf on which Inge had trod to keep her shoes clean; and when the last bread-crumb had been found and given, the gray wings of the bird became white, and spr
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf, sentence 94

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the course of the winter the bird had in this way collected many crumbs and given them to other birds, till they equalled the weight of the loaf on which Inge had trod to keep her shoes clean; and when the last bread-crumb had been found and given, the gray wings of the bird became white, and spread themselves out for flight.

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**Who acts:** bird, crumbs, Inge, gray wings · **What happens:** have, collect, give, equall, tread, keep · **To what, where:** winter, way, many crumbs, course, crumbs, other birds

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Girl Who Trod on the Loaf. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, crumbs, Inge, gray wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:37:94
# text = In the course of the winter the bird had in this way collected many crumbs and given them to other birds, till they equalled the weight of the loaf on which Inge had trod to keep her shoes clean; and when the last bread-crumb had been found and given, the gray wings of the bird became white, and spread themselves out for flight.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	12	det	_	_
12	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	collected	collect	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	crumbs	crumb	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
18	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obj	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
23	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	_
24	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	equalled	equall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	weight	weight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	_
31	on	on	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
32	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	35	obl	_	_
33	Inge	Inge	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	35	nsubj	_	_
34	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	aux	_	_
35	trod	tread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	30	acl:relcl	_	_
36	to	to	PART	TO	_	37	mark	_	_
37	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	35	advcl	_	_
38	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	39	nmod:poss	_	_
39	shoes	shoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	37	obj	_	_
40	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	37	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	51	punct	_	_
42	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	51	cc	_	_
43	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	51	mark	_	_
44	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
45	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
46	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	48	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	46	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	crumb	crumb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	51	nsubj:pass	_	_
49	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	51	aux	_	_
50	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	51	aux:pass	_	_
51	found	find	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	parataxis	_	_
52	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	53	cc	_	_
53	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	51	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	57	punct	_	_
55	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	57	det	_	_
56	gray	gray	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	57	amod	_	_
57	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	61	nsubj	_	_
58	of	of	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	60	det	_	_
60	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	nmod	_	_
61	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
62	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	61	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
63	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	65	punct	_	_
64	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	65	cc	_	_
65	spread	spread	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
66	themselves	themselves	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	65	obj	_	_
67	out	out	ADP	RP	_	65	compound:prt	_	_
68	for	for	ADP	IN	_	69	case	_	_
69	flight	flight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	65	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
70	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the bird | the winter *not said here* |  | this way |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent winter=Patient |
| 2 | **collect** | past |  | many crumbs |  | the course of the winter |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crumb=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | participle |  | crumbs *= crumb* | other birds |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent they=Theme to bird=Recipient |
| 4 | **equall** | past | crumbs *= crumb* | the weight of the loaf |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **tread** | past · perfect | Inge |  |  | the loaf |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on which=Trajectory |
| 6 | **keep** | to-infinitive | Inge *not said here* | hand's shoes |  |  |  | clean *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme |
| 7 | **find** | past · perfect · passive |  | the last bread crumb |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic |
| 8 | **give** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 9 | **become** | past | the gray wings of the bird |  |  |  |  | white *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 10 | **spread out** | past |  | crumbs *= crumb* |  |  |  | for flight | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location themselves=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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