---
title: It is with the clever or wonderful things we say or hear in dreams,… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: It is with the clever or wonderful things we say or hear in dreams, as with the gold which comes from under the earth, it is rich and beautiful when we possess it, but when seen in a true light it is but as stones and withered leaves." Who acts: light, we, gold, clever things. A sentence of «Fairy T
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation, sentence 77

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It is with the clever or wonderful things we say or hear in dreams, as with the gold which comes from under the earth, it is rich and beautiful when we possess it, but when seen in a true light it is but as stones and withered leaves."

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**Who acts:** light, we, gold, clever things · **What happens:** be, say, hear, come, possess, see · **To what, where:** clever things, dreams, earth, thing, true light, leaves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Clerk's Transformation. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (light, we, gold, clever things), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:44:77
# text = It is with the clever or wonderful things we say or hear in dreams, as with the gold which comes from under the earth, it is rich and beautiful when we possess it, but when seen in a true light it is but as stones and withered leaves."
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	29	nsubj	_	_
9	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	hear	hear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	dreams	dream	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	as	as	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	gold	gold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
20	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	from	from	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	under	under	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	_
28	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	_
32	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	34	advmod	_	_
33	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
34	possess	possess	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	advcl	_	_
35	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
37	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	39	cc	_	_
38	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	39	mark	_	_
39	seen	see	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	29	parataxis	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
41	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	43	det	_	_
42	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	43	amod	_	_
43	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	_
44	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	48	nsubj	_	_
45	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	48	cop	_	_
46	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	48	cc	_	_
47	as	as	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
48	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	acl:relcl	_	_
49	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
50	withered	wither	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	conj	_	_
51	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	50	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | light |  |  |  |  | with the clever things | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | we | the clever things *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent thing=Topic |
| 3 | **hear** | present | we *not said here* |  |  | dreams |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **come** | present | the gold |  |  | the earth |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from earth=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **is** | present | the clever things |  |  |  |  | rich *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **be** |  | the clever things *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **possess** | present | we | thing |  |  |  |  | vn own-100.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |
| 8 | **see** | participle |  |  |  | a true light |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 9 | **is** | present | light | a true light *not said here* |  |  |  | as stones | tree rules |
| 10 | **wither** | past |  | leaves |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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