---
title: "She has drunk herself to death," said the cruel mayor. — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "She has drunk herself to death," said the cruel mayor. Who acts: woman, cruel mayor. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, She Was Good For Nothing, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, She Was Good For Nothing, sentence 156

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"She has drunk herself to death," said the cruel mayor.

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**Who acts:** woman, cruel mayor · **What happens:** drink, say · **To what, where:** woman · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, She Was Good For Nothing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (woman, cruel mayor), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:46:156
# text = "She has drunk herself to death," said the cruel mayor.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	drunk	drink	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	10	ccomp	_	_
5	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	death	death	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cruel	cruel	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	mayor	mayor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drink** *in a quote* | present · perfect | woman | woman |  |  |  | to death | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent herself=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the cruel mayor |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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