---
title: There had only been a kind of twilight all day, and it soon grew qui… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: There had only been a kind of twilight all day, and it soon grew quite dark, and so bitterly cold, that the skipper took a dram to warm him. Who acts: kind, skipper. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Anne Lisbeth, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Anne Lisbeth, sentence 24

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There had only been a kind of twilight all day, and it soon grew quite dark, and so bitterly cold, that the skipper took a dram to warm him.

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**Who acts:** kind, skipper · **What happens:** have, be, grow, take, warm · **To what, where:** kind, dram, skipper

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Anne Lisbeth. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (kind, skipper), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:5:24
# text = There had only been a kind of twilight all day, and it soon grew quite dark, and so bitterly cold, that the skipper took a dram to warm him.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	twilight	twilight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
9	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
14	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	15	advmod	_	_
15	grew	grow	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	quite	quite	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	so	so	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
21	bitterly	bitterly	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	skipper	skipper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	dram	dram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
30	to	to	PART	TO	_	31	mark	_	_
31	warm	warm	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	advcl	_	_
32	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past |  |  |  | there | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | participle |  | a kind |  |  |  | of twilight | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** | past | kind |  |  |  |  | dark, soon *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **take** | past | the skipper | a dram |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dram=Theme |
| 5 | **warm** | to-infinitive | the skipper *not said here* | skipper |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent he=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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