---
title: In winter no ships sail by, for the whole Sound is covered with ice… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: In winter no ships sail by, for the whole Sound is covered with ice as far as the Swedish coast, and has quite the appearance of a high-road. Who acts: ships. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Holger Danske, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Holger Danske, sentence 4

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In winter no ships sail by, for the whole Sound is covered with ice as far as the Swedish coast, and has quite the appearance of a high-road.

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**Who acts:** ships · **What happens:** sail, cover, have · **To what, where:** whole Sound, appearance

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Holger Danske. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ships), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:50:4
# text = In winter no ships sail by, for the whole Sound is covered with ice as far as the Swedish coast, and has quite the appearance of a high-road.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	sail	sail	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
8	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	Sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
16	as	as	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
17	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	13	advmod	_	_
18	as	as	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	Swedish	Swedish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	coast	coast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
25	quite	quite	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	27	det:predet	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	appearance	appearance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	_
28	of	of	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
30	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sail** | present | no ships |  |  |  | winter |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **cover** | present · passive |  | the whole Sound |  |  |  | with ice; far *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with ice=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | no ships *not said here* | quite appearance of a high road |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent appearance=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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