---
title: The swallows, who had not less than seven nests in his grandfather's… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The swallows, who had not less than seven nests in his grandfather's house, flew up to him and his goats, singing, "We and you, you and we." Who acts: swallows. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, I. Little Rudy, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of ev
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, I. Little Rudy, sentence 47

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swallows, who had not less than seven nests in his grandfather's house, flew up to him and his goats, singing, "We and you, you and we."

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** swallows · **What happens:** have, fly up, sing · **To what, where:** seven nests, house, Rudy

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, I. Little Rudy. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swallows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:52:47
# text = The swallows, who had not less than seven nests in his grandfather's house, flew up to him and his goats, singing, "We and you, you and we."
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swallows	swallow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	less	less	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp|ExtPos=ADV	9	advmod	_	_
8	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	grandfather	grandfather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	's	's	PART	POS	_	13	case	_	_
15	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
17	flew	fly	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
18	up	up	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	goats	goat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	singing	sing	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	30	punct	_	_
27	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	30	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	25	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
32	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	30	conj	_	_
33	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
34	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the swallows | seven nests |  | Rudy's grandfather's house |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Patient |
| 2 | **fly up** | past | the swallows |  | Rudy |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to he=Result |
| 3 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | the swallows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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