---
title: Rudy had never been so far away before; he had never trodden on the… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Rudy had never been so far away before; he had never trodden on the wide-spreading ocean of snow that lay here with its immovable billows, from which the wind blows off the snowflake now and then, as it cuts the foam from the waves of the sea. Who acts: Rudy, wide spreading ocean, wind, snow. A sent
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, II. the Journey to the New Home, sentence 44

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rudy had never been so far away before; he had never trodden on the wide-spreading ocean of snow that lay here with its immovable billows, from which the wind blows off the snowflake now and then, as it cuts the foam from the waves of the sea.

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**Who acts:** Rudy, wide spreading ocean, wind, snow · **What happens:** have, not be, not tread, spread, lie, blow off · **To what, where:** wide spreading ocean, snowflake, foam, waves, sea

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, II. the Journey to the New Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rudy, wide spreading ocean, wind, snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:53:44
# text = Rudy had never been so far away before; he had never trodden on the wide-spreading ocean of snow that lay here with its immovable billows, from which the wind blows off the snowflake now and then, as it cuts the foam from the waves of the sea.
1	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
4	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	7	advmod	_	_
7	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advcl	_	_
8	before	before	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	trodden	tread	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
16	wide	wide	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	amod	_	_
19	ocean	ocean	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nmod	_	_
22	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	23	nsubj	_	_
23	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
24	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
25	with	with	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
27	immovable	immovable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	amod	_	_
28	billows	billow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	obl	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	blows	blow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
35	off	off	ADP	RP	_	34	compound:prt	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	snowflake	snowflake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obj	_	_
38	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	34	advmod	_	_
39	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	40	cc	_	_
40	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	38	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	44	punct	_	_
42	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
43	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	44	nsubj	_	_
44	cuts	cut	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	34	conj	_	_
45	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	46	det	_	_
46	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	_
47	from	from	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	49	det	_	_
49	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	46	nmod	_	_
50	of	of	ADP	IN	_	52	case	_	_
51	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	52	det	_	_
52	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
53	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Rudy |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **is** | participle | Rudy *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, before, far *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **tread** | past · perfect | Rudy |  |  | the wide spreading ocean of snow |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on ocean=Trajectory |
| 4 | **spread** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **lie** | past | the wide spreading ocean of snow |  |  | here |  | with snow's immovable billows | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **blow off** | present | the wind | the snowflake |  |  | now |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent snowflake=Patient from which=Co-Patient |
| 7 | **cut** | present | wind | the foam |  | the waves of the sea |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset foam=Product from wave=Material |
| 8 | **billow** |  | snow |  |  |  |  |  | nom billow «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 9 | **wave** |  |  | the sea |  |  |  |  | nom wave «event transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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