--- title: "It certainly must be a spectre or a servant of the Ice Maiden," tho… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: "It certainly must be a spectre or a servant of the Ice Maiden," thought Rudy, who had heard such things talked about when he was a little boy, and had stayed all night on the mountain with the guides. Who acts: sound, Rudy. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, V --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/56/28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [V. on the Way Home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/56/) / 28 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, V. on the Way Home, sentence 28 "It certainly must be a spectre or a servant of the Ice Maiden," thought Rudy, who had heard such things talked about when he was a little boy, and had stayed all night on the mountain with the guides. **Who acts:** sound, Rudy · **What happens:** be, think, hear, talk about, stay · **To what, where:** spectre, such things, little boy, mountain · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, V. on the Way Home. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, Rudy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:56:28 # text = "It certainly must be a spectre or a servant of the Ice Maiden," thought Rudy, who had heard such things talked about when he was a little boy, and had stayed all night on the mountain with the guides. 1 " " PUNCT `` _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 It it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ _ 3 certainly certainly ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 4 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 7 aux _ _ 5 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 7 cop _ _ 6 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 spectre spectre NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 obl _ _ 8 or or CCONJ CC _ 10 cc _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 servant servant NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 conj _ _ 11 of of ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 12 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 14 det _ _ 13 Ice Ice PROPN NNP Number=Sing 14 compound _ _ 14 Maiden Maiden PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 16 " " PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ _ 17 thought think VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 18 Rudy Rudy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 20 who who PRON WP PronType=Rel 22 nsubj _ _ 21 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ _ 22 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 18 acl _ _ 23 such such ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 24 amod _ _ 24 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obj _ _ 25 talked talk VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 24 acl _ _ 26 about about ADP IN _ 25 compound:prt _ _ 27 when when SCONJ WRB _ 32 mark _ _ 28 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 29 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 30 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 31 little little ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 32 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 stayed stay VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 17 conj _ _ 37 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 38 det _ _ 38 night night NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl:unmarked _ _ 39 on on ADP IN _ 41 case _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 mountain mountain NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obl _ _ 42 with with ADP IN _ 44 case _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 guides guide NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 45 . . PUNCT . _ 17 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | must | sound | a spectre or a servant of the Ice Maiden | | | | certainly *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **think** *speech: other* | past | Rudy | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **hear** | past · perfect | Rudy | such things | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | | 4 | **talk about** | participle | | such things *not said here* | | | | | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **is a** | past | Rudy | a little boy | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **stay** | past · perfect | Rudy *not said here* | | | the mountain | night | with the guides | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on mountain=Location | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/56/27/) - next →: [sentence 29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/56/29/) - ↑ back to [V. on the Way Home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/56/)