---
title: "'I have plenty of courage,' said Rudy; 'but if you are with me, he… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "'I have plenty of courage,' said Rudy; 'but if you are with me, he must be friendly, whether he says Yes or No.' Who acts: Rudy, you. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, VI. the Visit to the Mill, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, VI. the Visit to the Mill, sentence 48

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"'I have plenty of courage,' said Rudy; 'but if you are with me, he must be friendly, whether he says Yes or No.'

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Rudy, you · **What happens:** have, say, be · **To what, where:** plenty, No. · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, VI. the Visit to the Mill. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rudy, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:57:48
# text = "'I have plenty of courage,' said Rudy; 'but if you are with me, he must be friendly, whether he says Yes or No.'
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	ccomp	_	_
5	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	Rudy	Rudy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	28	punct	_	_
13	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	28	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
15	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	19	mark	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
21	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
22	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
23	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	cop	_	_
24	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	28	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
26	whether	whether	SCONJ	IN	_	28	mark	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
29	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	31	discourse	_	_
30	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	No.	no.	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	31	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** *in a quote* | present | Rudy | plenty of courage |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plenty=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | past | Rudy |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen, in a quote* | present | you |  |  |  |  | with Rudy | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | must | Rudy |  |  |  |  | friendly *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **say** *speech: assert* *in a quote* | present | Rudy | No. |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent no.=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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