---
title: Upon one of these Vertigo sat, lurking after his powerless prey, and… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Upon one of these Vertigo sat, lurking after his powerless prey, and from beneath came a sound as if a piece of rock had fallen from the cleft, and was crushing everything that stood in its way or opposed its course. Who acts: Vertigo, piece, way. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Anderse
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, XII. Evil Powers, sentence 61

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Upon one of these Vertigo sat, lurking after his powerless prey, and from beneath came a sound as if a piece of rock had fallen from the cleft, and was crushing everything that stood in its way or opposed its course.

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**Who acts:** Vertigo, piece, way · **What happens:** sit, lurk, come, fall, crush, stand · **To what, where:** sound, beneath, cleft, everything, way, course

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XII. Evil Powers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Vertigo, piece, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:63:61
# text = Upon one of these Vertigo sat, lurking after his powerless prey, and from beneath came a sound as if a piece of rock had fallen from the cleft, and was crushing everything that stood in its way or opposed its course.
1	Upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	obl	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	these	this	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	2	nmod	_	_
5	Vertigo	Vertigo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	lurking	lurk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
9	after	after	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
11	powerless	powerless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	beneath	beneath	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
17	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	rock	rock	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	_
26	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	aux	_	_
27	fallen	fall	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
28	from	from	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	cleft	cleft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	34	cc	_	_
33	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	aux	_	_
34	crushing	crush	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
35	everything	everything	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	34	obj	_	_
36	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	37	nsubj	_	_
37	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	acl:relcl	_	_
38	in	in	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
39	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	40	nmod:poss	_	_
40	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	obl	_	_
41	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	42	cc	_	_
42	opposed	oppose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	40	acl	_	_
43	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	44	nmod:poss	_	_
44	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past | Vertigo |  |  |  |  | upon one of these | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon one=Location |
| 2 | **lurk** | gerund | Vertigo *not said here* |  |  |  | after Vertigo's powerless prey |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **come** | past | Vertigo *not said here* | a sound |  | beneath |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location sound=Theme |
| 4 | **fall** | past · perfect | a piece of rock |  |  | the cleft |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from cleft=Initial\_Location |
| 5 | **crush** | past · progressive | Vertigo *not said here* | everything |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent everything=Patient |
| 6 | **stand** | past |  |  |  | piece's way |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in way=Location |
| 7 | **oppose** | participle | piece's way *not said here* | piece's course |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent course=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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