---
title: The moon lighted up the snow on the mountain-tops, shone on the dark… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The moon lighted up the snow on the mountain-tops, shone on the dark woods, and on the drifting clouds those fantastic forms which at night might be taken for spirits of the powers of nature. Who acts: moon. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XIV. Night Visions
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, XIV. Night Visions, sentence 7

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The moon lighted up the snow on the mountain-tops, shone on the dark woods, and on the drifting clouds those fantastic forms which at night might be taken for spirits of the powers of nature.

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**Who acts:** moon · **What happens:** light up, shine, drift, take · **To what, where:** snow, mountain tops, dark woods, fantastic forms, drifting clouds

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, XIV. Night Visions. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (moon), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:65:7
# text = The moon lighted up the snow on the mountain-tops, shone on the dark woods, and on the drifting clouds those fantastic forms which at night might be taken for spirits of the powers of nature.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	moon	moon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lighted	light	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	tops	top	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	shone	shine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	woods	wood	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
20	on	on	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	drifting	drift	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	amod	_	_
23	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
24	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	26	det	_	_
25	fantastic	fantastic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	forms	form	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
27	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	29	det	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	32	nsubj:pass	_	_
30	might	might	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
31	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	32	aux:pass	_	_
32	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
33	for	for	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
34	spirits	spirit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obl	_	_
35	of	of	ADP	IN	_	37	case	_	_
36	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	37	det	_	_
37	powers	power	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	34	nmod	_	_
38	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
39	nature	nature	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	37	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **light up** | participle | the moon | the snow |  | the mountain tops |  |  | vn preparing-26.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snow=Product |
| 2 | **shine** | participle |  | the mountain tops *not said here* |  | the dark woods |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on wood=Location |
| 3 | **drift** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **take** | might · passive |  | that fantastic forms |  | the drifting clouds |  | for spirits of the powers of nature | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme on cloud=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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