---
title: Her father would certainly beat her; besides, it was almost as cold… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Her father would certainly beat her; besides, it was almost as cold at home as here, for they had only the roof to cover them, through which the wind howled, although the largest holes had been stopped up with straw and rags. Who acts: father, penny, matches, wind. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Match-seller, sentence 14

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her father would certainly beat her; besides, it was almost as cold at home as here, for they had only the roof to cover them, through which the wind howled, although the largest holes had been stopped up with straw and rags.

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**Who acts:** father, penny, matches, wind · **What happens:** beat, be, have, cover, howl, stop up · **To what, where:** girl, home, roof, matches, largest holes

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Match-seller. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, penny, matches, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:74:14
# text = Her father would certainly beat her; besides, it was almost as cold at home as here, for they had only the roof to cover them, through which the wind howled, although the largest holes had been stopped up with straw and rags.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	beat	beat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	besides	besides	INTJ	UH	_	14	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
12	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	as	as	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
15	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
17	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
22	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
23	only	only	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	roof	roof	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	to	to	PART	TO	_	27	mark	_	_
27	cover	cover	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	advcl	_	_
28	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	through	through	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	34	obl	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	nsubj	_	_
34	howled	howl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
36	although	although	SCONJ	IN	_	42	mark	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
38	largest	large	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	39	amod	_	_
39	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	42	nsubj:pass	_	_
40	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	aux	_	_
41	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	42	aux:pass	_	_
42	stopped	stop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	34	ccomp	_	_
43	up	up	ADP	RP	_	42	compound:prt	_	_
44	with	with	ADP	IN	_	45	case	_	_
45	straw	straw	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obl	_	_
46	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	47	cc	_	_
47	rags	rag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	45	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **beat** | would | girl's father | girl |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location she=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | penny |  |  | home |  | almost, cold *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **have** | past | matches *= match* | the roof |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent roof=Patient |
| 4 | **cover** | to-infinitive | matches *= match* *not said here* | matches *= match* |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Destination |
| 5 | **howl** | past | the wind |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **stop up** | past · perfect · passive |  | the largest holes |  |  |  | with straw and rags | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with straw=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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