---
title: Then she applied to her old grandmother, who knew all about the uppe… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Then she applied to her old grandmother, who knew all about the upper world, which she very rightly called the lands above the sea. Who acts: water, old grandmother. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2, sentence 51

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Then she applied to her old grandmother, who knew all about the upper world, which she very rightly called the lands above the sea.

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**Who acts:** water, old grandmother · **What happens:** apply, know, call · **To what, where:** upper world · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, old grandmother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:76:51
# text = Then she applied to her old grandmother, who knew all about the upper world, which she very rightly called the lands above the sea.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	applied	apply	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	grandmother	grandmother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
11	all	all	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	about	about	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	upper	upper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	world	world	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
17	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
19	very	very	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	rightly	rightly	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	acl:relcl	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	lands	land	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obj	_	_
24	above	above	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apply** | past | water |  |  |  | then | to water's old grandmother | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **know** | past | water's old grandmother |  |  |  |  | about the upper world; all *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer about world=Stimulus |
| 3 | **call** | participle · passive |  | the upper world |  |  |  | rightly *property* | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP NP»: subject=Theme land=Result |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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