---
title: This was the last evening that she would breathe the same air with h… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: This was the last evening that she would breathe the same air with him, or gaze on the starry sky and the deep sea; an eternal night, without a thought or a dream, awaited her: she had no soul and now she could never win one. Who acts: This, present. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Ande
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4, sentence 18

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This was the last evening that she would breathe the same air with him, or gaze on the starry sky and the deep sea; an eternal night, without a thought or a dream, awaited her: she had no soul and now she could never win one.

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**Who acts:** This, present · **What happens:** be, breathe, gaze, await, have, not win · **To what, where:** last evening, same air, present, soul, one

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (This, present), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:78:18
# text = This was the last evening that she would breathe the same air with him, or gaze on the starry sky and the deep sea; an eternal night, without a thought or a dream, awaited her: she had no soul and now she could never win one.
1	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	38	parataxis	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	breathe	breathe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	gaze	gaze	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
18	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	starry	starry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	deep	deep	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
27	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	eternal	eternal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	without	without	ADP	IN	_	33	case	_	_
32	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
34	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	dream	dream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
38	awaited	await	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
39	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	38	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	42	punct	_	_
41	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	nsubj	_	_
42	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	38	parataxis	_	_
43	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	44	det	_	_
44	soul	soul	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	42	obj	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	50	cc	_	_
46	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	50	advmod	_	_
47	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	50	nsubj	_	_
48	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	50	aux	_	_
49	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	50	advmod	_	_
50	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	42	conj	_	_
51	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	50	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	38	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | This | the last evening and a eternal night and a thought or a dream |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **breathe** | would | present | the same air |  |  |  | with prince | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent air=Theme |
| 3 | **gaze** | infinitive | present *not said here* |  |  |  |  | on the starry sky and the deep sea | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on sky=Theme |
| 4 | **await** | past |  | present |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **have** | past | present | no soul |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent soul=Patient |
| 6 | **not** **win** | could | present | one |  |  | now |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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