---
title: The sun rose above the waves, and his warm rays fell on the cold foa… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: The sun rose above the waves, and his warm rays fell on the cold foam of the little mermaid, who did not feel as if she were dying. Who acts: sun, warm rays, little mermaid, ray. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4, with its dependency
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4, sentence 36

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The sun rose above the waves, and his warm rays fell on the cold foam of the little mermaid, who did not feel as if she were dying.

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**Who acts:** sun, warm rays, little mermaid, ray · **What happens:** rise, fall, not feel, die, ray · **To what, where:** waves, cold foam

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Little Mermaid, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sun, warm rays, little mermaid, ray), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:78:36
# text = The sun rose above the waves, and his warm rays fell on the cold foam of the little mermaid, who did not feel as if she were dying.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	above	above	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
12	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	foam	foam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	mermaid	mermaid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	25	nsubj	_	_
23	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
26	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
27	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
28	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	30	nsubj	_	_
29	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	30	aux	_	_
30	dying	die	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **rise** | past | the sun |  |  | the waves |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above wave=Location |
| 2 | **fall** | past | sun's warm rays |  |  | the cold foam of the little mermaid |  |  | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on foam=Location |
| 3 | **not** **feel** | past · do-support | the little mermaid |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **die** | past · progressive | ray |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
| 5 | **ray** |  | sun |  |  |  |  |  | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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