--- title: In autumn, all the swallows fly away into warm countries, but if one… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics description: In autumn, all the swallows fly away into warm countries, but if one happens to linger, the cold seizes it, it becomes frozen, and falls down as if dead; it remains where it fell, and the cold snow covers it. Who acts: swallows, one, cold, cold snow. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Ande --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/101/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/) / [Little Tiny or Thumbelina](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/) / 101 # Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina, sentence 101 In autumn, all the swallows fly away into warm countries, but if one happens to linger, the cold seizes it, it becomes frozen, and falls down as if dead; it remains where it fell, and the cold snow covers it. **Who acts:** swallows, one, cold, cold snow · **What happens:** fly away, happen, linger, seize, become, freeze · **To what, where:** warm countries, country, cold This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Little Tiny or Thumbelina. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swallows, one, cold, cold snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg27200:79:101 # text = In autumn, all the swallows fly away into warm countries, but if one happens to linger, the cold seizes it, it becomes frozen, and falls down as if dead; it remains where it fell, and the cold snow covers it. 1 In in ADP IN _ 2 case _ _ 2 autumn autumn NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 4 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 6 det:predet _ _ 5 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 6 det _ _ 6 swallows swallow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ _ 7 fly fly VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 away away ADV RB _ 7 advmod _ _ 9 into into ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 warm warm ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 amod _ _ 11 countries country NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 13 but but CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 14 if if SCONJ IN _ 16 mark _ _ 15 one one PRON PRP Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 16 happens happen VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 advcl _ _ 17 to to PART TO _ 18 mark _ _ 18 linger linger VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 16 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 cold cold NOUN NN Number=Sing 22 nsubj _ _ 22 seizes seize VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 23 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 25 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ _ 26 becomes become VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 27 frozen freeze VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 26 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 29 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 falls fall VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 26 conj _ _ 31 down down ADP RP _ 30 compound:prt _ _ 32 as as ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 if if SCONJ IN _ 34 mark _ _ 34 dead dead ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 30 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 37 punct _ _ 36 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 37 remains remain VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 7 parataxis _ _ 38 where where ADV WRB PronType=Rel 40 advmod _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 nsubj _ _ 40 fell fall VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 44 cold cold ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 snow snow NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 nsubj _ _ 46 covers cover VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 37 conj _ _ 47 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 7 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **fly away** | present | all swallows | | | | autumn | into warm countries *result*; away *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into country=Result | | 2 | **happen** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | one | | | | | | tree rules | | 3 | **linger** | to-infinitive | one *not said here* | | | | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 4 | **seize** | present | the cold | country | | | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 5 | **become** | present | cold | | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **freeze** | participle | cold *not said here* | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | | 7 | **fall down** | present | cold *not said here* | | | | | as dead | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **remain** | present | cold | | | | | | tree rules | | 9 | **fall** | past | cold | | | | | | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 10 | **cover** | present | the cold snow | cold | | | | | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme it=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 100](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/100/) - next →: [sentence 102](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/102/) - ↑ back to [Little Tiny or Thumbelina](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg27200/79/)