---
title: "Certainly," said the beetle, "I shall be most happy; I have been ex… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: "Certainly," said the beetle, "I shall be most happy; I have been exposed to the rain, and have had to lie upon linen, and cleanliness is a thing that greatly exhausts me; I have also pains in one of my wings from standing in the draught under a piece of broken crockery. Who acts: beetle, cleanlines
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels, sentence 76

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Certainly," said the beetle, "I shall be most happy; I have been exposed to the rain, and have had to lie upon linen, and cleanliness is a thing that greatly exhausts me; I have also pains in one of my wings from standing in the draught under a piece of broken crockery.

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**Who acts:** beetle, cleanliness, thing, wings · **What happens:** say, be, expose, have, lie, exhaust · **To what, where:** beetle, rain, linen, thing, pains, draught · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Beetle Who Went on His Travels. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (beetle, cleanliness, thing, wings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:8:76
# text = "Certainly," said the beetle, "I shall be most happy; I have been exposed to the rain, and have had to lie upon linen, and cleanliness is a thing that greatly exhausts me; I have also pains in one of my wings from standing in the draught under a piece of broken crockery.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	beetle	beetle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
11	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	cop	_	_
13	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	14	advmod	_	_
14	happy	happy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
16	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	exposed	expose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	had	have	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	5	ccomp	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	linen	linen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	36	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	36	cc	_	_
33	cleanliness	cleanliness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	36	nsubj	_	_
34	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	cop	_	_
35	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	conj	_	_
37	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	nsubj	_	_
38	greatly	greatly	ADV	RB	_	39	advmod	_	_
39	exhausts	exhaust	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	36	acl:relcl	_	_
40	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	39	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	43	punct	_	_
42	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	43	nsubj	_	_
43	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
44	also	also	ADV	RB	_	45	advmod	_	_
45	pains	pain	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	43	obj	_	_
46	in	in	ADP	IN	_	47	case	_	_
47	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	43	obl	_	_
48	of	of	ADP	IN	_	50	case	_	_
49	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	50	nmod:poss	_	_
50	wings	wing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	47	nmod	_	_
51	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	52	mark	_	_
52	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	50	acl	_	_
53	in	in	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	draught	draught	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
56	under	under	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
57	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	58	det	_	_
58	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	52	obl	_	_
59	of	of	ADP	IN	_	61	case	_	_
60	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	61	amod	_	_
61	crockery	crockery	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	58	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the beetle |  |  |  |  | certainly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | shall | the beetle *= beetle* |  |  |  |  | happy *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **expose** *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | the beetle *= beetle* | the rain |  |  |  | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to rain=Recipient |
| 4 | **have** *in a quote* | present · perfect |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **lie** *in a quote* | to-infinitive |  |  |  | linen |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent upon linen=Location |
| 6 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | cleanliness | a thing |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 7 | **exhaust** *in a quote* | present | a thing | the beetle *= beetle* |  |  |  | greatly *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 8 | **have** *in a quote* | present | the beetle *= beetle* | pains |  |  |  | in one of my wings | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Patient |
| 9 | **stand** *in a quote* | gerund | my wings *not said here* |  |  | the draught |  | under a piece of broken crockery | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in draught=Location |
| 10 | **break** *in a quote* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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