---
title: She leaned over the balcony, gazing at the sparkling stars that shon… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: She leaned over the balcony, gazing at the sparkling stars that shone clearer and brighter in the pure air than they had done in the north, and yet they were the same stars. Who acts: Helga, sparkling stars, stars. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Marsh K
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Marsh King's Daughter, part 6, sentence 19

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She leaned over the balcony, gazing at the sparkling stars that shone clearer and brighter in the pure air than they had done in the north, and yet they were the same stars.

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**Who acts:** Helga, sparkling stars, stars · **What happens:** learn, gaze, shine, do, be · **To what, where:** balcony, pure air, north, same stars

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Marsh King's Daughter, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Helga, sparkling stars, stars), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:88:19
# text = She leaned over the balcony, gazing at the sparkling stars that shone clearer and brighter in the pure air than they had done in the north, and yet they were the same stars.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leaned	learn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	balcony	balcony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	gazing	gaze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	sparkling	sparkling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
12	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	13	nsubj	_	_
13	shone	shine	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	acl:relcl	_	_
14	clearer	clear	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	xcomp	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	brighter	bright	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	conj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	pure	pure	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
21	than	than	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	north	north	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
30	yet	yet	ADV	RB	_	35	advmod	_	_
31	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	35	nsubj	_	_
32	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	35	cop	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	stars	star	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | past | Helga |  |  | the balcony |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **gaze** | gerund | Helga *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the sparkling stars | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at star=Theme |
| 3 | **shine** | past | the sparkling stars |  |  | the pure air |  | clear *property* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |
| 4 | **do** | past · perfect | stars *= star* |  |  | the north |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is a** | past | stars *= star* | the same stars |  |  | yet |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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