---
title: Close by, lay a few salad-leaves and two chestnuts, which were to se… — Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen · tree and pragmatics
description: Close by, lay a few salad-leaves and two chestnuts, which were to serve for his supper. Who acts: few salad leaves. A sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Metal Pig, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen, The Metal Pig, sentence 11

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Close by, lay a few salad-leaves and two chestnuts, which were to serve for his supper.

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**Who acts:** few salad leaves · **What happens:** lay, serve · **To what, where:** few salad leaves

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This is a sentence of «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, The Metal Pig. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few salad leaves), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg27200:89:11
# text = Close by, lay a few salad-leaves and two chestnuts, which were to serve for his supper.
1	Close	close	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	_
2	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
6	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
7	salad	salad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	chestnuts	chestnut	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	serve	serve	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	parataxis	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	supper	supper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present |  | a few salad leaves and two chestnuts |  |  |  | close *property* | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Result |
| 2 | **serve** | past | a few salad leaves and two chestnuts |  |  |  |  | for boy's supper | vn fulfilling-13.4.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent for supper=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Fairy Tales of Hans Christian Andersen» by H. C. Andersen, Project Gutenberg book 27200 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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