--- title: ‘Payah kun,’ said the Eldest Magician, meaning, ‘That is quite right… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics description: ‘Payah kun,’ said the Eldest Magician, meaning, ‘That is quite right’; and he breathed upon the great rocks and lumps of earth that All-the-Elephant-there-was had thrown up, and they became the great Himalayan Mountains, and you can look them out on the map. Who acts: Payah kun, That, Kun, lumps. A --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Just so stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/) / [The Crab That Played With the Sea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/) / 17 # Just so stories, The Crab That Played With the Sea, sentence 17 ‘Payah kun,’ said the Eldest Magician, meaning, ‘That is quite right’; and he breathed upon the great rocks and lumps of earth that All-the-Elephant-there-was had thrown up, and they became the great Himalayan Mountains, and you can look them out on the map. **Who acts:** Payah kun, That, Kun, lumps, you · **What happens:** say, mean, be, breathe, have, throw up · **To what, where:** Elephant, lumps, map · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Crab That Played With the Sea. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Payah kun, That, Kun, lumps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2781:11:17 # text = ‘Payah kun,’ said the Eldest Magician, meaning, ‘That is quite right’; and he breathed upon the great rocks and lumps of earth that All-the-Elephant-there-was had thrown up, and they became the great Himalayan Mountains, and you can look them out on the map. 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Payah Payah PROPN NNP Number=Sing 3 compound _ _ 3 kun kun NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 3 punct _ _ 6 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 8 Eldest eld ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 9 amod _ _ 9 Magician Magician PROPN NNP Number=Sing 6 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 meaning mean VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 6 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 13 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 14 That that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 nsubj _ _ 15 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 17 cop _ _ 16 quite quite ADV RB _ 17 advmod _ _ 17 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 11 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 17 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 19 ; ; PUNCT : _ 22 punct _ _ 20 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 21 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 22 breathed breathe VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 parataxis _ _ 23 upon upon ADP IN _ 26 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 26 det _ _ 25 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 26 amod _ _ 26 rocks rock NOUN NNS Number=Plur 22 obl _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 28 cc _ _ 28 lumps lump NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 conj _ _ 29 of of ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 30 earth earth NOUN NN Number=Sing 28 nmod _ _ 31 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 42 obj _ _ 32 All all DET DT PronType=Tot 36 det _ SpaceAfter=No 33 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 36 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 34 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ SpaceAfter=No 35 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 34 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 36 Elephant elephant NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nsubj:pass _ SpaceAfter=No 37 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 36 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 38 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 42 expl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 41 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 40 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 41 aux:pass _ _ 41 had have VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 42 parataxis _ _ 42 thrown throw VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 acl:relcl _ _ 43 up up ADP RP _ 42 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 44 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 45 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 46 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 47 nsubj _ _ 47 became become VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 conj _ _ 48 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 51 det _ _ 49 great great ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 51 amod _ _ 50 Himalayan Himalayan PROPN NNP Number=Sing 51 compound _ _ 51 Mountains Mountain PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 47 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 52 , , PUNCT , _ 56 punct _ _ 53 and and CCONJ CC _ 56 cc _ _ 54 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 56 nsubj _ _ 55 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 56 aux _ _ 56 look look VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 6 conj _ _ 57 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 56 obj _ _ 58 out out ADP RP _ 56 compound:prt _ _ 59 on on ADP IN _ 61 case _ _ 60 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 61 det _ _ 61 map map NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 62 . . PUNCT . _ 6 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Payah kun | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **mean** | gerund | Payah kun *not said here* | | | | | | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 3 | **is** | present | That | | | | | right *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **breathe** | past | Kun | | | | | upon the great rocks and lumps of earth | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 5 | **have** | past · passive | | | | | | | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP» | | 6 | **throw up** | participle · passive | | all Elephant | | there | | | tree rules | | 7 | **become** | past | lumps *= lump* | | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 8 | **look out** | can | you | lumps *= lump* | | the map | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/16/) - next →: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/18/) - ↑ back to [The Crab That Played With the Sea](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/11/)