---
title: When Wild Dog reached the mouth of the Cave he lifted up the dried h… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: When Wild Dog reached the mouth of the Cave he lifted up the dried horse-skin with his nose and sniffed the beautiful smell of the roast mutton, and the Woman, looking at the blade-bone, heard him, and laughed, and said, ‘Here comes the first. Who acts: Wild Dog, Dog, roast mutton. A sentence of «Ju
---

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# Just so stories, The Cat That Walked By Himself, sentence 24

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When Wild Dog reached the mouth of the Cave he lifted up the dried horse-skin with his nose and sniffed the beautiful smell of the roast mutton, and the Woman, looking at the blade-bone, heard him, and laughed, and said, ‘Here comes the first.

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**Who acts:** Wild Dog, Dog, roast mutton · **What happens:** reach, lift up, dry, sniff, look, hear · **To what, where:** mouth, dried horse skin, beautiful smell, Dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Cat That Walked By Himself. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wild Dog, Dog, roast mutton), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:12:24
# text = When Wild Dog reached the mouth of the Cave he lifted up the dried horse-skin with his nose and sniffed the beautiful smell of the roast mutton, and the Woman, looking at the blade-bone, heard him, and laughed, and said, ‘Here comes the first.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	Wild	Wild	PROPN	NNP	_	3	flat	_	_
3	Dog	Dog	PROPN	NNP	_	4	nsubj	_	_
4	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	Cave	cave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	lifted	lift	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	dried	dry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	amod	_	_
15	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	nose	nose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	sniffed	sniff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	beautiful	beautiful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	smell	smell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
26	of	of	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
28	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	compound	_	_
29	mutton	mutton	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	Woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
35	looking	look	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
36	at	at	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
38	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	40	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	38	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	bone	bone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	42	punct	_	_
42	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	parataxis	_	_
43	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	42	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	46	punct	_	_
45	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	46	cc	_	_
46	laughed	laugh	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	42	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
48	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
49	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	52	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
52	Here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	53	advmod	_	_
53	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	49	ccomp	_	_
54	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
55	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	53	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
56	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | Wild Dog | the mouth of the Cave |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent mouth=Theme |
| 2 | **lift up** | past | Dog | the dried horse skin |  |  |  | with Dog's nose; the Woman *vocative* | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skin=Theme |
| 3 | **dry** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **sniff** | past | Dog *not said here* | the beautiful smell of the roast mutton |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent smell=Theme |
| 5 | **look** | gerund | Dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the blade bone | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at bone=Theme |
| 6 | **hear** | past |  | Dog |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus |
| 7 | **laugh** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 9 | **come** | present |  |  |  | here |  | first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 10 | **smell** |  | the roast mutton |  |  |  |  |  | nom smell «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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