---
title: Suleiman-bin-Daoud must be dead, and what we heard and saw was the e… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Suleiman-bin-Daoud must be dead, and what we heard and saw was the earth thundering and darkening at the news.’ Who acts: Suleiman, we, earth. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Butterfly That Stamped, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, The Butterfly That Stamped, sentence 141

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Suleiman-bin-Daoud must be dead, and what we heard and saw was the earth thundering and darkening at the news.’

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**Who acts:** Suleiman, we, earth · **What happens:** be, hear, see, thunder, darken · **To what, where:** earth, news

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Butterfly That Stamped. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Suleiman, we, earth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:13:141
# text = Suleiman-bin-Daoud must be dead, and what we heard and saw was the earth thundering and darkening at the news.’
1	Suleiman	Suleiman	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	1	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	bin	bin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Daoud	Daoud	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
6	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	cop	_	_
8	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
11	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	13	obj	_	_
12	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	conj	_	_
16	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	cop	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	earth	earth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	thundering	thunder	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	18	acl	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
21	darkening	darken	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	conj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | Suleiman |  |  |  |  | dead *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hear** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer what=Stimulus |
| 3 | **see** | past | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **is a** | past |  | the earth |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **thunder** | gerund | the earth *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **darken** | gerund | the earth *not said here* |  |  | the news |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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