---
title: And he stepped out on the shingle, and went home to his mother, who… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: And he stepped out on the shingle, and went home to his mother, who had given him leave to trail his toes in the water; and he married and lived happily ever afterward. Who acts: Mariner, mother. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Whale Got His Throat, with its dependency tr
---

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# Just so stories, How the Whale Got His Throat, sentence 35

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
And he stepped out on the shingle, and went home to his mother, who had given him leave to trail his toes in the water; and he married and lived happily ever afterward.

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**Who acts:** Mariner, mother · **What happens:** step out, go, give, leave, trail, marry · **To what, where:** shingle, Mariner, toes, water

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Whale Got His Throat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Mariner, mother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

<!-- .note-en -->
**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:2:35
# text = And he stepped out on the shingle, and went home to his mother, who had given him leave to trail his toes in the water; and he married and lived happily ever afterward.
1	And	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shingle	shingle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	home	home	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
12	to	to	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	mother	mother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
17	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	acl:relcl	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	_
20	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	trail	trail	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	24	nmod:poss	_	_
24	toes	toe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	_
25	in	in	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	31	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
30	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	married	marry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	conj	_	_
34	happily	happily	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	_
35	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	36	advmod	_	_
36	afterward	afterward	ADV	RB	_	33	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step out** | past | Mariner |  |  | the shingle |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on shingle=Trajectory |
| 2 | **go** | past | Mariner *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to Mariner's mother; home *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to mother=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **give** | past · perfect | Mariner's mother |  | Mariner |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **leave** | infinitive | Mariner's mother *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **trail** | to-infinitive | Mariner's mother *not said here* | Mariner's toes |  | the water |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent toe=Theme in water=Trajectory |
| 6 | **marry** | past | Mariner |  |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 7 | **live** | past | Mariner *not said here* |  |  |  |  | afterward, happily *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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