---
title: The suspenders were left behind, you see, to tie the grating with; a… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: The suspenders were left behind, you see, to tie the grating with; and that is the end of _that_ tale. Who acts: you, that, _. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Whale Got His Throat, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, How the Whale Got His Throat, sentence 42

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The suspenders were left behind, you see, to tie the grating with; and that is the end of \_that\_ tale.

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**Who acts:** you, that, \_ · **What happens:** leave behind, see, tie, be, \_ · **To what, where:** suspenders, grating, end, tale

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Whale Got His Throat. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, that, \_), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:2:42
# text = The suspenders were left behind, you see, to tie the grating with; and that is the end of _that_ tale.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	suspenders	suspender	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	behind	behind	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	tie	tie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	grating	grating	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	_	_	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	_	_	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	tale	tale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave behind** | past · passive |  | the suspenders |  |  |  | behind *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | present | you |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **tie** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the grating |  |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent grating=Patient |
| 4 | **is a** | present | that | the end |  |  |  | of \_ | tree rules |
| 5 | **\_** | present | \_ | tale |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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