---
title: ‘He says “Humph!”’ said the Dog; ‘and he won’t fetch and carry.’ — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘He says “Humph!”’ said the Dog; ‘and he won’t fetch and carry.’ Who acts: Whew, Humph. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Camel Got His Hump, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, How the Camel Got His Hump, sentence 21

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‘He says “Humph!”’ said the Dog; ‘and he won’t fetch and carry.’

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**Who acts:** Whew, Humph · **What happens:** say, not fetch, carry · **To what, where:** Dog · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Camel Got His Hump. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Whew, Humph), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:3:21
# text = ‘He says “Humph!”’ said the Dog; ‘and he won’t fetch and carry.’
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Humph	Humph	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	Dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
13	‘	‘	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
16	wo	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	n’t	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
18	fetch	fetch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Whew |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Humph | the Dog |  |  |  | ‘ *obl* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent dog=Topic |
| 3 | **not** **fetch** | future | Whew |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **carry** | infinitive | Whew *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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