---
title: He said, ‘How!’ and the Parsee left that cake and climbed to the top… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: He said, ‘How!’ and the Parsee left that cake and climbed to the top of a palm tree with nothing on but his hat, from which the rays of the sun were always reflected in more-than-oriental splendour. Who acts: Rhinoceros, Parsee. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Rhinoceros 
---

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# Just so stories, How the Rhinoceros Got His Skin, sentence 10

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He said, ‘How!’ and the Parsee left that cake and climbed to the top of a palm tree with nothing on but his hat, from which the rays of the sun were always reflected in more-than-oriental splendour.

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**Who acts:** Rhinoceros, Parsee · **What happens:** say, leave, climb, reflect, ray · **To what, where:** hat, rays, more oriental splendour, sun · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the Rhinoceros Got His Skin. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rhinoceros, Parsee), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:4:10
# text = He said, ‘How!’ and the Parsee left that cake and climbed to the top of a palm tree with nothing on but his hat, from which the rays of the sun were always reflected in more-than-oriental splendour.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	Parsee	Parsee	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
12	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	advcl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
16	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	palm	palm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	15	obl	_	_
25	on	on	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
27	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	28	nmod:poss	_	_
28	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	39	punct	_	_
30	from	from	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
31	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	39	obl	_	_
32	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	33	det	_	_
33	rays	ray	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	nsubj:pass	_	_
34	of	of	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	36	det	_	_
36	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	33	nmod	_	_
37	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux:pass	_	_
38	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	39	advmod	_	_
39	reflected	reflect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	conj	_	_
40	in	in	ADP	IN	_	46	case	_	_
41	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	46	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
42	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	than	than	ADP	IN	_	41	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
44	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	41	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
45	oriental	oriental	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	46	compound	_	_
46	splendour	splendour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
47	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Rhinoceros |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **leave** | past | the Parsee |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **climb** | past | Rhinoceros *not said here* |  |  | Rhinoceros's hat |  | to the top of a palm tree; with nothing | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to top=Destination |
| 4 | **reflect** | past · passive |  | the rays of the sun |  | more oriental splendour |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **ray** |  |  | the sun |  |  |  |  | nom ray «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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