---
title: I send them over land and sea, I send them east and west; But after… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: I send them over land and sea, I send them east and west; But after they have worked for me, I give them all a rest. Who acts: I, families. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Elephant’s Child, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, The Elephant’s Child, sentence 103

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I send them over land and sea, I send them east and west; But after they have worked for me, I give them all a rest.

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**Who acts:** I, families · **What happens:** send, work, give · **To what, where:** families, land, rest

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Elephant’s Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, families), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:6:103
# text = I send them over land and sea, I send them east and west; But after they have worked for me, I give them all a rest.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	send	send	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	send	send	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	east	east	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	west	west	ADV	RB	_	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
16	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
17	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
19	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	worked	work	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	25	advcl	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
24	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj	_	_
25	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	iobj	_	_
27	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	29	det:predet	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send** | present | I | families *= family* |  | land and sea |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 2 | **send** | present | I | families *= family* |  |  |  | east *property* | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |
| 3 | **work** | present · perfect | families *= family* |  |  |  |  | for me | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent for i=Beneficiary |
| 4 | **give** | present | I | all rest | families *= family* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent they=Recipient rest=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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