---
title: Down sat Dingo--Poor Dog Dingo--always hungry, dusky in the sunshine… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: Down sat Dingo--Poor Dog Dingo--always hungry, dusky in the sunshine; hung out his tongue and howled. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Sing-song of Old Man Kangaroo, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, The Sing-song of Old Man Kangaroo, sentence 42

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Down sat Dingo--Poor Dog Dingo--always hungry, dusky in the sunshine; hung out his tongue and howled.

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**What happens:** sit, hang out, howl · **To what, where:** Dingo, tongue

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Sing-song of Old Man Kangaroo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:7:42
# text = Down sat Dingo--Poor Dog Dingo--always hungry, dusky in the sunshine; hung out his tongue and howled.
1	Down	down	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	sat	sit	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	Dingo	Dingo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	Poor	poor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	Dog	Dog	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Dingo	Dingo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	--	--	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	10	advmod	_	_
10	hungry	hungry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	dusky	dusky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sunshine	sunshine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
18	out	out	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	tongue	tongue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	howled	howl	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | past |  | Dingo |  |  |  | down *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location dingo=Theme |
| 2 | **hang out** | participle |  | Dingo's tongue |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tongue=Patient |
| 3 | **howl** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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