--- title: ‘Son, son!’ said Mother Jaguar ever so many times, graciously waving… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics description: ‘Son, son!’ said Mother Jaguar ever so many times, graciously waving her tail, ‘a Hedgehog is a Hedgehog, and can’t be anything but a Hedgehog; and a Tortoise is a Tortoise, and can never be anything else.’ Who acts: Son, Hedgehog, Tortoise. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Be --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/151/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Just so stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/) / [The Beginning of the Armadillos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/) / 151 # Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 151 ‘Son, son!’ said Mother Jaguar ever so many times, graciously waving her tail, ‘a Hedgehog is a Hedgehog, and can’t be anything but a Hedgehog; and a Tortoise is a Tortoise, and can never be anything else.’ **Who acts:** Son, Hedgehog, Tortoise · **What happens:** say, wave, be, not be · **To what, where:** tail, Hedgehog, anything, Tortoise · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Son, Hedgehog, Tortoise), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2781:8:151 # text = ‘Son, son!’ said Mother Jaguar ever so many times, graciously waving her tail, ‘a Hedgehog is a Hedgehog, and can’t be anything but a Hedgehog; and a Tortoise is a Tortoise, and can never be anything else.’ 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 Son Son PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 5 ! ! PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 6 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 2 punct _ _ 7 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 8 Mother Mother PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 compound _ _ 9 Jaguar Jaguar PROPN NNP Number=Sing 7 nsubj _ _ 10 ever ever ADV RB PronType=Ind 12 advmod _ _ 11 so so ADV RB _ 12 advmod _ _ 12 many many ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 13 amod _ _ 13 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 obl:unmarked _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 16 punct _ _ 15 graciously graciously ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 waving wave VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 7 advcl _ _ 17 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ _ 18 tail tail NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 19 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 20 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 25 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 21 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 Hedgehog Hedgehog PROPN NNP Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ _ 23 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 24 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 Hedgehog hedgehog NOUN NN Number=Sing 16 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 31 cc _ _ 28 ca can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 31 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 29 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 31 advmod _ _ 30 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 31 cop _ _ 31 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 16 parataxis _ _ 32 but but CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 33 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 Hedgehog Hedgehog PROPN NNP Number=Sing 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 35 ; ; PUNCT : _ 41 punct _ _ 36 and and CCONJ CC _ 41 cc _ _ 37 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 Tortoise tortoise NOUN NN Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ _ 39 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 41 cop _ _ 40 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 Tortoise tortoise NOUN NN Number=Sing 7 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 47 punct _ _ 43 and and CCONJ CC _ 47 cc _ _ 44 can can AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 47 aux _ _ 45 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 47 advmod _ _ 46 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 47 cop _ _ 47 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 41 parataxis _ _ 48 else else ADV RB _ 47 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 47 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 50 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 41 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Son | | | | time | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **wave** | gerund | Son *not said here* | mother's tail | | | | graciously *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient | | 3 | **is a** | present | a Hedgehog | a Hedgehog | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **is a** | can | | anything | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **is a** | present | a Tortoise | a Tortoise | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **not** **is a** | can | | anything | | | | else *property* | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 150](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/150/) - next →: [sentence 152](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/152/) - ↑ back to [The Beginning of the Armadillos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/)