---
title: They could hear Painted Jaguar roaring up and down among the trees a… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: They could hear Painted Jaguar roaring up and down among the trees and the bushes by the side of the turbid Amazon, till his Mummy came. Who acts: Slow, Painted, Mummy. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 65

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They could hear Painted Jaguar roaring up and down among the trees and the bushes by the side of the turbid Amazon, till his Mummy came.

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**Who acts:** Slow, Painted, Mummy · **What happens:** hear, roar, come · **To what, where:** Painted, trees

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Slow, Painted, Mummy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:8:65
# text = They could hear Painted Jaguar roaring up and down among the trees and the bushes by the side of the turbid Amazon, till his Mummy came.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	Painted	Painted	PROPN	NNP	_	3	obj	_	_
5	Jaguar	Jaguar	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	flat	_	_
6	roaring	roar	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	_
7	up	up	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	7	conj	_	_
10	among	among	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	bushes	bush	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
19	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	turbid	turbid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	Amazon	Amazon	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
24	till	till	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	Mummy	Mummy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | could | Slow | Painted |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **roar** | gerund | Painted *not said here* |  |  | the trees and the bushes |  | by the side of the turbid Amazon | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among tree=Location |
| 3 | **come** | past | Painted's Mummy |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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