--- title: ‘I did that to the other thing; and he said he was a Tortoise, and I… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics description: ‘I did that to the other thing; and he said he was a Tortoise, and I didn’t believe him, and it was quite true, and he has dived under the turbid Amazon, and he won’t come up again, and I haven’t anything at all to eat, and I think we had better find lodgings somewhere else. Who acts: I, son, tail, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/70/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Just so stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/) / [The Beginning of the Armadillos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/) / 70 # Just so stories, The Beginning of the Armadillos, sentence 70 ‘I did that to the other thing; and he said he was a Tortoise, and I didn’t believe him, and it was quite true, and he has dived under the turbid Amazon, and he won’t come up again, and I haven’t anything at all to eat, and I think we had better find lodgings somewhere else. **Who acts:** I, son, tail, we · **What happens:** do, say, be, not believe, dive, not come up · **To what, where:** that, Tortoise, son, turbid Amazon, anything, all · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, The Beginning of the Armadillos. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, son, tail, we), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2781:8:70 # text = ‘I did that to the other thing; and he said he was a Tortoise, and I didn’t believe him, and it was quite true, and he has dived under the turbid Amazon, and he won’t come up again, and I haven’t anything at all to eat, and I think we had better find lodgings somewhere else. 1 ‘ ' PUNCT `` _ 3 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 2 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 did do VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 3 obj _ _ 5 to to ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 7 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 8 amod _ _ 8 thing thing NOUN NN Number=Sing 3 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 9 ; ; PUNCT : _ 12 punct _ _ 10 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nsubj _ _ 12 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 13 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ _ 14 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 16 cop _ _ 15 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 16 det _ _ 16 Tortoise tortoise NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 17 , , PUNCT , _ 22 punct _ _ 18 and and CCONJ CC _ 22 cc _ _ 19 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ _ 20 did do AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 22 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 21 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 22 advmod _ _ 22 believe believe VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 12 ccomp _ _ 23 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 22 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 24 , , PUNCT , _ 29 punct _ _ 25 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 26 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 nsubj _ _ 27 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 29 cop _ _ 28 quite quite ADV RB _ 29 advmod _ _ 29 true true ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 22 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 30 , , PUNCT , _ 34 punct _ _ 31 and and CCONJ CC _ 34 cc _ _ 32 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ _ 33 has have AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 34 aux _ _ 34 dived dive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 29 parataxis _ _ 35 under under ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 37 turbid turbid ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 38 Amazon amazon NOUN NN Number=Sing 34 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 39 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 40 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 41 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 nsubj _ _ 42 wo will AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 43 n’t not PART RB Polarity=Neg 44 advmod _ _ 44 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 22 conj _ _ 45 up up ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ _ 46 again again ADV RB _ 44 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 47 , , PUNCT , _ 51 punct _ _ 48 and and CCONJ CC _ 51 cc _ _ 49 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ SpaceAfter=No 51 n’t n't VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 12 conj _ _ 52 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 51 obj _ _ 53 at at ADP IN _ 54 case _ _ 54 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 52 nmod _ _ 55 to to PART TO _ 56 mark _ _ 56 eat eat VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 52 acl _ SpaceAfter=No 57 , , PUNCT , _ 60 punct _ _ 58 and and CCONJ CC _ 60 cc _ _ 59 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 60 nsubj _ _ 60 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 conj _ _ 61 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 62 nsubj _ _ 62 had have VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 60 ccomp _ _ 63 better good ADJ JJR Degree=Cmp 65 amod _ _ 64 find find NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 compound _ _ 65 lodgings lodging NOUN NNS Number=Plur 62 obj _ _ 66 somewhere somewhere ADV RB PronType=Ind 62 advmod _ _ 67 else else ADV RB _ 66 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 68 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **do** | past | I | that | | | | to the other thing | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Eventuality | | 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | son | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 3 | **is a** | past | son | a Tortoise | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **not** **believe** | past · do-support | I | son | | | | | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer he=Stimulus | | 5 | **is** | past | tail | | | | | true *property* | tree rules | | 6 | **dive** | present · perfect | son | | | the turbid Amazon | | | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent under amazon=Location | | 7 | **not** **come up** | future | son | | | | again | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **n't** | present · perfect | I | anything | | all | | | tree rules | | 9 | **eat** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | anything *not said here* | | | | | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 10 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I | | | | | | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | | 11 | **have** | past | we | better find lodgings | | | | somewhere *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lodging=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 69](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/69/) - next →: [sentence 71](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/71/) - ↑ back to [The Beginning of the Armadillos](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/8/)