---
title: ‘Very,’ said Tegumai; ‘but it has ruined all my fishing for the day. — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: ‘Very,’ said Tegumai; ‘but it has ruined all my fishing for the day. Who acts: Tegumai, my. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 122

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‘Very,’ said Tegumai; ‘but it has ruined all my fishing for the day.

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**Who acts:** Tegumai, my · **What happens:** say, ruin, fish · **To what, where:** tribe · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tegumai, my), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:9:122
# text = ‘Very,’ said Tegumai; ‘but it has ruined all my fishing for the day.
1	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	’	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
8	‘	'	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	ruined	ruin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
13	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	15	det:predet	_	_
14	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Tegumai |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **ruin** | present · perfect · passive |  | tribe |  |  | day |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **fish** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom fishing «act transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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