---
title: They were miles and miles from home (of course they had their lunch… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics
description: They were miles and miles from home (of course they had their lunch with them in a little bag), and Tegumai had forgotten to bring any extra spears. Who acts: teeth, Tegumai. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written, with its dependency tree and the pragma
---

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# Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 13

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They were miles and miles from home (of course they had their lunch with them in a little bag), and Tegumai had forgotten to bring any extra spears.

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**Who acts:** teeth, Tegumai · **What happens:** be, have, forget, not bring · **To what, where:** miles, home, lunch, little bag, extra spears

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This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (teeth, Tegumai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg2781:9:13
# text = They were miles and miles from home (of course they had their lunch with them in a little bag), and Tegumai had forgotten to bring any extra spears.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
8	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	of	of	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADV	12	advmod	_	_
10	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	fixed	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
13	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
15	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nmod	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	Tegumai	Tegumai	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	26	nsubj	_	_
25	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux	_	_
26	forgotten	forget	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	12	conj	_	_
27	to	to	PART	TO	_	28	mark	_	_
28	bring	bring	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	26	xcomp	_	_
29	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	31	det	_	_
30	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	spears	spear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | teeth *= tooth* | miles and miles |  | home |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | teeth *= tooth* | teeth's lunch |  | a little bag |  | with miles *= mile* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lunch=Patient |
| 3 | **forget** | past · perfect | Tegumai |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **bring** | to-infinitive | Tegumai *not said here* | any extra spears |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent spear=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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