--- title: I drawded them to show him the way through the swamp; and I drawded… — Just so stories · tree and pragmatics description: I drawded them to show him the way through the swamp; and I drawded Mummy at the mouth of the Cave looking pleased because he is a nice Stranger-man, and I think you are just the stupidest people in the world,’ said Taffy. Who acts: I, Cave, Mummy, you. A sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kip --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/159/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Just so stories](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/) / [How the First Letter Was Written](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/) / 159 # Just so stories, How the First Letter Was Written, sentence 159 I drawded them to show him the way through the swamp; and I drawded Mummy at the mouth of the Cave looking pleased because he is a nice Stranger-man, and I think you are just the stupidest people in the world,’ said Taffy. **Who acts:** I, Cave, Mummy, you, Taffy · **What happens:** drawd, show, look, be, think, say · **To what, where:** people, way, Mummy, swamp, mouth, nice Stranger man · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, How the First Letter Was Written. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, Cave, Mummy, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2781:9:159 # text = I drawded them to show him the way through the swamp; and I drawded Mummy at the mouth of the Cave looking pleased because he is a nice Stranger-man, and I think you are just the stupidest people in the world,’ said Taffy. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 drawded drawd VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 show show VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 2 advcl _ _ 6 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 iobj _ _ 7 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 8 det _ _ 8 way way NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ _ 9 through through ADP IN _ 11 case _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 swamp swamp NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 12 ; ; PUNCT , _ 15 punct _ _ 13 and and CCONJ CC _ 15 cc _ _ 14 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nsubj _ _ 15 drawded drawd VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 16 Mummy Mummy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 15 obj _ _ 17 at at ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 19 mouth mouth NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 obl _ _ 20 of of ADP IN _ 22 case _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 Cave cave NOUN NN Number=Sing 19 nmod _ _ 23 looking look VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 22 acl _ _ 24 pleased pleased ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 23 xcomp _ _ 25 because because SCONJ IN _ 32 mark _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 27 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 cop _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 29 nice nice ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 32 amod _ _ 30 Stranger stranger NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 31 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 30 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 32 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 36 cc _ _ 35 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 think think VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 37 you you PRON PRP Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs 42 nsubj _ _ 38 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 42 cop _ _ 39 just just ADV RB _ 42 advmod _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 42 det _ _ 41 stupidest stupid ADJ JJS Degree=Sup 42 amod _ _ 42 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 ccomp _ _ 43 in in ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 world world NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 47 ’ ' PUNCT '' _ 48 punct _ _ 48 said say VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 42 parataxis _ _ 49 Taffy Taffy PROPN NNP Number=Sing 48 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 50 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **drawd** | past | I | people | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | the way | Mummy | the swamp | | | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient way=Topic | | 3 | **drawd** | past | I | Mummy | | the mouth of the Cave | | | tree rules | | 4 | **look** | gerund | the Cave *not said here* | | | | | pleased *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus | | 5 | **is a** | present | Mummy | a nice Stranger man | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **think** *speech: other* | present | I | | | | | | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **is a** | present | you | the stupidest people | | the world | | | tree rules | | 8 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Taffy | | | | | | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Just so stories» by Rudyard Kipling, Project Gutenberg book 2781 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 158](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/158/) - next →: [sentence 160](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/160/) - ↑ back to [How the First Letter Was Written](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2781/9/)