--- title: He knew the affections and antipathies which are proper in a dog; th… — Irish Fairy Tales · tree and pragmatics description: He knew the affections and antipathies which are proper in a dog; the degree of obedience to which dogs may be trained without losing their honourable qualities or becoming servile and suspicious; he knew the hopes that animate them, the apprehensions which tingle in their blood, and all that is to --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/28/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Irish Fairy Tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/) / [Chapter I](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/28/) / 9 # Irish Fairy Tales, Chapter I, sentence 9 He knew the affections and antipathies which are proper in a dog; the degree of obedience to which dogs may be trained without losing their honourable qualities or becoming servile and suspicious; he knew the hopes that animate them, the apprehensions which tingle in their blood, and all that is to be demanded from, or forgiven in, a paw, an ear, a nose, an eye, or a tooth; and he understood these things because he loved dogs, for it is by love alone that we understand anything. **Who acts:** Fionn, affections, hopes, apprehensions, tooth, we · **What happens:** know, be, train, lose, become, animate · **To what, where:** affections, dogs, honourable qualities, servile, hopes, blood This is a sentence of «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Chapter I. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Fionn, affections, hopes, apprehensions), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Parsed by Mova, not checked by a teacher.** This tree is Mova's own parse (the `en` model, on the CPU, when the site is built); it may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg2892:28:9 # text = He knew the affections and antipathies which are proper in a dog; the degree of obedience to which dogs may be trained without losing their honourable qualities or becoming servile and suspicious; he knew the hopes that animate them, the apprehensions which tingle in their blood, and all that is to be demanded from, or forgiven in, a paw, an ear, a nose, an eye, or a tooth; and he understood these things because he loved dogs, for it is by love alone that we understand anything. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 4 det _ _ 4 affections affection NOUN NNS Number=Plur 2 obj _ _ 5 and and CCONJ CC _ 6 cc _ _ 6 antipathies antipathy NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 conj _ _ 7 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 9 nsubj _ _ 8 are be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 proper proper ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 4 acl:relcl _ _ 10 in in ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 dog dog NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 13 ; ; PUNCT : _ 15 punct _ _ 14 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 degree degree NOUN NN Number=Sing 2 obl _ _ 16 of of ADP IN _ 17 case _ _ 17 obedience obedience NOUN NN Number=Sing 15 nmod _ _ 18 to to ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 19 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 23 obl _ _ 20 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 23 nsubj:pass _ _ 21 may may AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 23 aux _ _ 22 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 23 aux:pass _ _ 23 trained train VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 17 acl:relcl _ _ 24 without without SCONJ IN _ 25 mark _ _ 25 losing lose VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 23 advcl _ _ 26 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ _ 27 honourable honourable ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 qualities quality NOUN NNS Number=Plur 25 obj _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 becoming become VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 25 conj _ _ 31 servile servile NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 xcomp _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 suspicious suspicious ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 34 ; ; PUNCT : _ 36 punct _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 36 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 37 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 38 hopes hope NOUN NNS Number=Plur 36 obj _ _ 39 that that PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 40 animate animate VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 41 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 40 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 42 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 43 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 44 det _ _ 44 apprehensions apprehension NOUN NNS Number=Plur 38 conj _ _ 45 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 46 nsubj _ _ 46 tingle tingle VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 acl:relcl _ _ 47 in in ADP IN _ 49 case _ _ 48 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 49 nmod:poss _ _ 49 blood blood NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 50 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 51 and and CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 52 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 53 det:predet _ _ 53 that that PRON DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 57 nsubj _ _ 54 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 57 aux:pass _ _ 55 to to PART TO _ 57 mark _ _ 56 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 57 aux:pass _ _ 57 demanded demand VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 36 conj _ _ 58 from from ADP IN _ 57 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 59 , , PUNCT , _ 61 punct _ _ 60 or or CCONJ CC _ 61 cc _ _ 61 forgiven forgive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 2 conj _ _ 62 in in ADP RP _ 61 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 63 , , PUNCT , _ 65 punct _ _ 64 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 paw paw NOUN NN Number=Sing 61 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 66 , , PUNCT , _ 68 punct _ _ 67 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 68 ear ear NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 69 , , PUNCT , _ 71 punct _ _ 70 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 71 det _ _ 71 nose nose NOUN NN Number=Sing 68 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 72 , , PUNCT , _ 74 punct _ _ 73 an a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 74 det _ _ 74 eye eye NOUN NN Number=Sing 68 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 75 , , PUNCT , _ 78 punct _ _ 76 or or CCONJ CC _ 78 cc _ _ 77 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 78 det _ _ 78 tooth tooth NOUN NN Number=Sing 74 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 79 ; ; PUNCT : _ 82 punct _ _ 80 and and CCONJ CC _ 82 cc _ _ 81 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 82 nsubj _ _ 82 understood understand VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 83 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 84 det _ _ 84 things thing NOUN NNS Number=Plur 82 obj _ _ 85 because because SCONJ IN _ 87 mark _ _ 86 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 87 nsubj _ _ 87 loved love VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 82 advcl _ _ 88 dogs dog NOUN NNS Number=Plur 87 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 89 , , PUNCT , _ 94 punct _ _ 90 for for ADP IN _ 94 case _ _ 91 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 94 nsubj _ _ 92 is be AUX VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 94 cop _ _ 93 by by ADP IN _ 94 case _ _ 94 love love NOUN NN Number=Sing 87 obl _ _ 95 alone alone ADV RB _ 94 advmod _ _ 96 that that SCONJ IN _ 98 mark _ _ 97 we we PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 98 nsubj _ _ 98 understand understand VERB VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 94 acl _ _ 99 anything anything PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 98 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 100 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **know** | past | Fionn | the affections and antipathies | | | | the degree of obedience *obl* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer affection=Stimulus | | 2 | **is** | present | the affections and antipathies | | | | | in a dog; proper *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **train** | may · passive | | dogs | | | | to obedience | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | | 4 | **lose** | gerund | | dogs's honourable qualities | | | | | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent quality=Eventuality | | 5 | **become** | gerund | | servile | | | | | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | | 6 | **know** | past | Fionn | the hopes and the apprehensions | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer hope=Stimulus | | 7 | **animate** | present | the hopes and the apprehensions | dogs *= dog* | | | | | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent they=Patient | | 8 | **tingle** | present | the apprehensions | | | dogs's blood | | | vn tingle-40.8.2 «NP V»: agent=Patient | | 9 | **demand** *speech: request* | present · passive | | that | | | | | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition | | 10 | **forgive in** | participle | Fionn *not said here* | | | | | | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **understand** | past | Fionn | this things | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer thing=Stimulus | | 12 | **love** | past | Fionn | dogs | | | | | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus | | 13 | **is** | present | tooth | | | | | for love; alone *property* | tree rules | | 14 | **understand** | present | we | anything | | | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer anything=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Irish Fairy Tales» by James Stephens, Project Gutenberg book 2892 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/28/8/) - next →: [sentence 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/28/10/) - ↑ back to [Chapter I](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg2892/28/)